15. Vibrio cholerae causes diarrhea because it*1 pointA. increases HCO3– secretory channels in intestinal epithelial cellsB. increases Cl– secretory channels in crypt cellsC. prevents the absorption of glucose and causes water to be retained in the intestinal lumen isosmoticallyD. inhibits cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production in intestinal epithelial cellsE. inhibits inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) production in intestinal epithelial cells
Question
- Vibrio cholerae causes diarrhea because it*1 pointA. increases HCO3– secretory channels in intestinal epithelial cellsB. increases Cl– secretory channels in crypt cellsC. prevents the absorption of glucose and causes water to be retained in the intestinal lumen isosmoticallyD. inhibits cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production in intestinal epithelial cellsE. inhibits inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) production in intestinal epithelial cells
Solution
Vibrio cholerae causes diarrhea because it increases Cl– secretory channels in crypt cells. This is option B.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
- Vibrio cholerae is a bacterium that causes cholera, a severe diarrheal illness.
- When Vibrio cholerae enters the body, it produces a toxin called cholera toxin.
- This toxin binds to the cells lining the small intestine, causing them to secrete large amounts of chloride ions (Cl–).
- The secretion of chloride ions into the lumen of the intestine leads to an osmotic gradient.
- This gradient causes water to be drawn into the lumen of the intestine, leading to the watery diarrhea characteristic of cholera.
- Therefore, the answer is B. Vibrio cholerae causes diarrhea because it increases Cl– secretory channels in crypt cells.
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