A patient is undergoing testing for the evaluation of Systemic Lupus Erythematous. What lab findings below are associated with this condition? Select all that apply:(Required) A. Decreased ESR and CRP B. Positive ANA C. Positive Anti-dsDNA D. Negative Anti-Sm E. Low C3 and C4
Question
A patient is undergoing testing for the evaluation of Systemic Lupus Erythematous. What lab findings below are associated with this condition? Select all that apply:(Required) A. Decreased ESR and CRP B. Positive ANA C. Positive Anti-dsDNA D. Negative Anti-Sm E. Low C3 and C4
Solution
The lab findings associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) are:
B. Positive ANA: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are commonly found in people with SLE. A positive ANA test indicates that your immune system has launched a misdirected attack on your own tissue — in other words, an autoimmune reaction.
C. Positive Anti-dsDNA: Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) tests are used to help diagnose SLE in a person who has a positive ANA test. Not all people with SLE will have anti-dsDNA. However, the presence of anti-dsDNA, along with symptoms of SLE, strongly suggests a diagnosis of SLE.
E. Low C3 and C4: Complement components C3 and C4 are proteins that are part of the complement system, which is part of the immune system. They help the body fight infections and destroy substances that can harm it. In people with SLE, these proteins are often used up in the process of fighting the disease, leading to low levels in the blood.
Option A is not associated with SLE. ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) and CRP (C-reactive protein) are general markers of inflammation in the body and are usually elevated in SLE, not decreased.
Option D is also not correct. Anti-Sm antibodies are specific for SLE and are rarely found in other diseases. Therefore, a negative Anti-Sm does not rule out SLE.
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