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Which of the following is an example of a synergistic effect?Multiple choice question.Consuming vitamins A and E can reduce the risk of cancer despite the exposure to certain carcinogens.Asbestos exposure and smoking each increase lung cancer rates 20-fold. Asbestos workers who smoke, however, have a 400-fold increase in cancer rates.One hundred cups of coffee contain a lethal dose of caffeine, but since coffee is taken in smaller doses the toxin is broken down and excreted.Need help? Review these concept resources.

Question

Which of the following is an example of a synergistic effect?Multiple choice question.Consuming vitamins A and E can reduce the risk of cancer despite the exposure to certain carcinogens.Asbestos exposure and smoking each increase lung cancer rates 20-fold. Asbestos workers who smoke, however, have a 400-fold increase in cancer rates.One hundred cups of coffee contain a lethal dose of caffeine, but since coffee is taken in smaller doses the toxin is broken down and excreted.Need help? Review these concept resources.

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Solution

The example of a synergistic effect from the options provided is: "Asbestos exposure and smoking each increase lung cancer rates 20-fold. Asbestos workers who smoke, however, have a 400-fold increase in cancer rates." This is because a synergistic effect occurs when the combined effect of two or more factors is greater than the sum of their individual effects. In this case, the individual effects of asbestos exposure and smoking each increase lung cancer rates 20-fold, but when combined, they result in a 400-fold increase, which is greater than the sum of their individual effects (20+20=40).

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