Which of the following observations is consistent with the idea that learned changes in attention may sometimes serve an explorative function, rather than exploitative function?Group of answer choicesLearning of a CS-US relationship proceeds slower if the CS and US have previously been presented in an explicitly uncorrelated fashion.Under some circumstances, attention in humans appears to show conditioning-like properties, producing automatic changes in how we process complex visual stimuli.People tend to learn faster about predictive cues that have been predictive in other similar learning contexts.Learning an easy version of a discrimination can substantially improve subsequent discrimination on a harder version of the discrimination.Rats continue to orient towards a partially reinforced CS for longer than they do to either a continuously reinforced CS or a non-reinforced CS.

Which of the following statements about discrimination learning is FALSE?Group of answer choicesThe rate of discrimination learning is partly determined by both the difficulty of the discrimination and the intensity of the consequences when a correct or incorrect choice is made.Successful discrimination learning necessarily requires that the presence of the outcome corresponds with the presence a cue such that the two have a positive contingency.It can take longer to learn to discriminate between highly similar stimuli and, when we do, it can lead to biases in the way we generalise to other stimuli.Discrimination learning tends to reduce generalization to novel stimuli relative to a situation in which the learner only learns about a single stimulus.Passive exposure to the discriminative stimuli improves the learner’s ability to discriminate between them when they are associated with different consequences.

Jamal was involved in some research at his university to determine if learned perceptual biases might shape individuals’ behaviors. Which of the following is most likely the type of experiment used to demonstrate that subjects who are primed with a Black face recognize a crime-related object more quickly?Multiple Choicethe dot-probe paradigmthe same-race recognition theorythe fundamental attribution errorthe other-race effect

Stimulus discriminationMultiple Choiceoccurs if two stimuli are different from one another and one evokes a conditioned response and the other does not.shapes or influences learned behavior based on reward.is related to patterns of reinforcement based on punishment.is the connection between a stimulus and some type of reward or punishment.

Passive exposure to a stimulus in the absence of any consequences makes it more difficult to subsequently learn that a stimulus signals the absence of a US. This observation demonstrates which of the following?Group of answer choicesLatent inhibition and conditioned inhibition are psychologically distinct.Perceptual learning and conditioned inhibition are psychologically distinct.Extinction and conditioned inhibition are psychologically distinct.Extinction and acquisition are psychologically distinct.Latent inhibition and perceptual learning are psychologically distinct.

Vlassova & Pearson's (2013) research focused on decision-making when visual sensory memory was accessible to participants or not. They found that ________.Group of answer choicesa. visual sensory memory interfered with accurate decision-making immediately after the array was removed but not if there was a delayb. having access to visual sensory memory improved decision-making especially if participants delayed their decisionc. having access to visual sensory memory improved decision-making immediately after an array was removed but not if there was a delayd. visual sensory memory interfered with accurate decision making