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What is the hybridisation of carbon atom in C–X bond of alkyl halides

Question

What is the hybridisation of carbon atom in C–X bond of alkyl halides

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Solution

The hybridization of the carbon atom in the C-X bond of alkyl halides is sp3. Here's the step-by-step explanation:

  1. First, we need to understand what hybridization is. Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals suitable for the pairing of electrons.

  2. In alkyl halides, the carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon or hydrogen atoms and one halogen atom.

  3. The carbon atom needs four orbitals to form these bonds. These are formed by the hybridization of one s orbital and three p orbitals in the carbon atom, which creates four new sp3 hybrid orbitals.

  4. Each of these sp3 hybrid orbitals overlaps with an orbital from another atom to form a sigma bond. One of these is the C-X bond.

  5. Therefore, the hybridization of the carbon

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