A patient that has been recently diagnosed with T2DM begins a low-carbohydrate diet, which of the following physiological responses would result from this dietary challenge? a. Increase pancreatic secretion of glucagon into the blood b. Stimulation of hepatic glycogenolysis c. Increased activity of gluconeogenesis in the liver d. Increased glycogen synthase activity in the liver e. All of the above f. Only A and B g. Only A, B, and C
Question
A patient that has been recently diagnosed with T2DM begins a low-carbohydrate diet, which of the following physiological responses would result from this dietary challenge? a. Increase pancreatic secretion of glucagon into the blood b. Stimulation of hepatic glycogenolysis c. Increased activity of gluconeogenesis in the liver d. Increased glycogen synthase activity in the liver e. All of the above f. Only A and B g. Only A, B, and C
Solution
The physiological responses that would result from a low-carbohydrate diet in a patient recently diagnosed with T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) would include:
a. Increase pancreatic secretion of glucagon into the blood: When carbohydrate intake is low, the body needs to generate glucose from other sources. Glucagon is a hormone that stimulates the conversion of stored glycogen in the liver into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream.
b. Stimulation of hepatic glycogenolysis: This is the process of breaking down glycogen, a form of stored glucose, in the liver. This process is stimulated when blood glucose levels are low, such as during fasting or a low-carbohydrate diet.
c. Increased activity of gluconeogenesis in the liver: Gluconeogenesis is the process of producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and glycerol. This process is also stimulated when blood glucose levels are low.
d. Increased glycogen synthase activity in the liver: This would not be a response to a low-carbohydrate diet. Glycogen synthase is an enzyme that creates glycogen from glucose. In a low-carbohydrate diet, glucose availability is low, so the activity of this enzyme would likely decrease, not increase.
So, the correct answer would be g. Only A, B, and C.
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