How will the equilibrium shift if the following changes are made? State if the reaction will shiftto the left or right and explain why it will shift in that direction.H2 (𝑔𝑔) + Cl2 (𝑔𝑔) ⇌ 2HCl (𝑔𝑔) + heata. Heat is removed.b. HCl is added.c. H2 is added.d. Pressure is decreased.
Question
How will the equilibrium shift if the following changes are made? State if the reaction will shiftto the left or right and explain why it will shift in that direction.H2 (𝑔𝑔) + Cl2 (𝑔𝑔) ⇌ 2HCl (𝑔𝑔) + heata. Heat is removed.b. HCl is added.c. H2 is added.d. Pressure is decreased.
Solution
a. Heat is removed: The reaction will shift to the right. This is because the reaction is exothermic (produces heat). When heat is removed, the system will try to counteract this change by producing more heat, thus shifting the reaction to the right to produce more HCl and heat.
b. HCl is added: The reaction will shift to the left. According to Le Chatelier's principle, if a product (in this case, HCl) is added to the system, the reaction will shift in the direction that reduces the amount of that product. Therefore, the reaction will shift to the left to consume the added HCl and produce more H2 and Cl2.
c. H2 is added: The reaction will shift to the right. According to Le Chatelier's principle, if a reactant (in this case, H2) is added to the system, the reaction will shift in the direction that consumes that reactant. Therefore, the reaction will shift to the right to consume the added H2 and produce more HCl and heat.
d. Pressure is decreased: The reaction will shift to the left. This is because there are fewer gas molecules on the left side of the equation (2 molecules: H2 and Cl2) than on the right side (2 molecules of HCl). According to Le Chatelier's principle, if the pressure is decreased, the reaction will shift in the direction that produces more gas molecules to increase the pressure. Therefore, the reaction will shift to the left to produce more H2 and Cl2.
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