Recall the definitions of relative and excess risk from your lectures. One of the cases given in the paper "Diagnostic radiography in pregnancy: Risks and reality" had a case where 792 children died from leukemia, in a population of 275,000. If the normal incidence is 150/100,000, what are the relative and excess risks in this situation?Group of answer choices0.52, and 9/31252.88, and 1/200,0001.92, and 69/50,0001.94, and 31/22000
Question
Recall the definitions of relative and excess risk from your lectures. One of the cases given in the paper "Diagnostic radiography in pregnancy: Risks and reality" had a case where 792 children died from leukemia, in a population of 275,000. If the normal incidence is 150/100,000, what are the relative and excess risks in this situation?Group of answer choices0.52, and 9/31252.88, and 1/200,0001.92, and 69/50,0001.94, and 31/22000
Solution
To calculate the relative and excess risks, we first need to determine the observed incidence in the population studied.
The observed incidence is the number of observed cases (792) divided by the total population (275,000), then multiplied by 100,000 to get the rate per 100,000.
So, the observed incidence = (792/275,000) * 100,000 = 288 per 100,000.
The normal incidence is given as 150 per 100,000.
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The relative risk (RR) is the ratio of the observed incidence to the normal incidence. So, RR = observed incidence / normal incidence = 288 / 150 = 1.92.
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The excess risk is the observed incidence minus the normal incidence. So, excess risk = observed incidence - normal incidence = 288 - 150 = 138 per 100,000.
However, to express this in a simpler fraction, we can divide both the numerator and the denominator by 2.76 (which is the greatest common divisor of 138 and 100,000).
So, the excess risk = 138 / 100,000 = 50 per 36,231.
Therefore, the relative and excess risks in this situation are 1.92 and 50/36,231 respectively. However, none of the provided answer choices match these calculations.
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