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An object of mass 20 kg is moving with a velocity 200 m s-1. If a force is applied so that the momentum is decreased by 100 kg m s-1, determine the new velocity of the object.

Question

An object of mass 20 kg is moving with a velocity 200 m s-1. If a force is applied so that the momentum is decreased by 100 kg m s-1, determine the new velocity of the object.

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Solution

Primero, recordemos que el momento (o cantidad de movimiento) de un objeto se calcula como el producto de su masa y su velocidad. La fórmula es:

p=mv p = m \cdot v

donde:

  • p p es el momento,
  • m m es la masa,
  • v v es la velocidad.

Dado que la masa del objeto es 20 kg y su velocidad inicial es 200 m/s, podemos calcular su momento inicial:

pinicial=20kg200m/s=4000kgm/s p_{\text{inicial}} = 20 \, \text{kg} \cdot 200 \, \text{m/s} = 4000 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s}

Se nos dice que el momento disminuye en 100 kg·m/s. Por lo tanto, el nuevo momento será:

pnuevo=pinicial100kgm/s p_{\text{nuevo}} = p_{\text{inicial}} - 100 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s} pnuevo=4000kgm/s100kgm/s=3900kgm/s p_{\text{nuevo}} = 4000 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s} - 100 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s} = 3900 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s}

Ahora, para encontrar la nueva velocidad, utilizamos la fórmula del momento, despejando la velocidad:

vnuevo=pnuevom v_{\text{nuevo}} = \frac{p_{\text{nuevo}}}{m}

Sustituimos los valores conocidos:

vnuevo=3900kgm/s20kg v_{\text{nuevo}} = \frac{3900 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m/s}}{20 \, \text{kg}} vnuevo=195m/s v_{\text{nuevo}} = 195 \, \text{m/s}

Por lo tanto, la nueva velocidad del objeto es 195 m/s.

This problem has been solved

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