Some people who are severely abused will develop a disorder that involves experiencing at least two distinct personality states, and ongoing problems in recalling everyday events, important personal information and traumatic events. This response is connected to the natural tendency to escape from the emotions associated with severe abuse. What is this disorder called?Group of answer choicesschizophreniadissociative identity disorder (DID)posttraumatic stress disorderdissociative amnesia

This condition involves a person who experiences a traumatic event, loses his or her memory for the event and other personal details, and then moves to a new location and sets up a new life with a new identity.Group of answer choicesA. Depersonalization/Derealization DisorderB. Dissociative FugueC. Dissociative AmnesiaD. Dissociative Identity Disorder

Which group of disorders involves problems with short and long term memory that worsen over time and make it difficult to successfully participate in desired activities or social roles?Group of answer choicesSchizophreniaDementiaSubstance abusePersonality Disorder

When people with post-traumatic stress disorder are asked to retrieve trauma-specific memories, significant activity can be seen in the Group of answer choicesa. amygdalab. hippocampusc. diencephalond. prefrontal cortex

DSM and ICD critics question whether (a) trauma/stressor-related disorders are distinct from anxiety disorders, (b) posttraumatic stressis a reaction or disorder, (c) adjustment disorder is a “wastebasket” diagnosis, and (d) prolonged grief should be a disorder.• PDM frames PTSD/complex PTSD as a relational problem in which therapists must avoid inflicting secondary trauma.• Trauma is assessed along HiTOP’s “Internalizing,” “Thought Disorder,” and “Externalizing” spectra dimensions.• As part of moving away from a medical model, PTMF prefers the term “adversity” to “trauma

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a misunderstood disease, often confused with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. This misunderstanding is exacerbated by the mislabeling of these disorders in popular media, and when referring to someone with a mental health issue. In reality, these diseases have little in common beyond the fact that those who have them are stigmatized by society.Clinical DID is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states, each with its own pattern of perceiving and relating to the environment and the self. To diagnose DID, at least two of these personality states must recurrently take control of the patient’s behavior. Additionally, there are several subjective DID criteria. For example, the inability to recall important personal information that is not explained by ordinary absentmindedness or by the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition is considered to be a symptom of DID. In pediatric patients, DID symptoms are not attributable to imaginary playmates or other fantasy play.Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by alternating periods of mania and depression, which can last for months. Manic episodes result in a high energy level and irrational beliefs about the amount of work one can accomplish in a short amount of time. After a manic period, the person “falls” into a depressive period, which is characterized by sorrow, indolence, and the feeling that there is no point in doing anything. The depression is exacerbated by all the unfinished projects from the manic period, and many with BD find it difficult to maintain treatment regimens during their manic phase.Schizophrenia is characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and disordered patterns of speech and cognition. It is thought to be at least partially caused by dopamine overactivity, and it is highly heritable, although research has investigated the role of environmental triggers in the emergence of this disorder. In addition to "positive" symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, which are absent in unaffected individuals, schizophrenia can also involve "negative" symptoms, such as reduced levels of emotion, diminished emotion, and decreased quantity of speech. Treatment involves medication and therapy, but more serious forms require institutionalization. The cognitive and emotional difficulties associated with schizophrenia may be associated with relatively high rates of concomitant drug and alcohol use in affected persons. In addition to substance use, the side effects of antipsychotic medications may influence people with schizophrenia to abandon their treatment. Question 25A researcher finds that a schizophrenic individual’s tendency to become addicted to a drug depends not only on the properties of the drug, but also on the reason the person uses the drug. This evidence most strongly suggests that: A.there is no genetic predisposition to drug addiction.B.psychological factors influence drug addiction.C.drug addiction depends on the biochemistry of a drug.D.schizophrenic individuals have a genetic predisposition to drug addiction.