Consider a 4×44×4 image, where each pixel uses a 4-bit signed representation (range between −23−23 to 23−123−1). Reverse the contrast of the following image: ⎛⎝⎜⎜⎜−4−3−6−27−25−3−16−70014−1⎞⎠⎟⎟⎟(−47−10−3−261−65−74−2−30−1)⎛⎝⎜⎜⎜2−1306025−112−10401⎞⎠⎟⎟⎟(26−10−1014322005−11)⎛⎝⎜⎜⎜−21−30−60−2−51−1−210−40−1⎞⎠⎟⎟⎟(−2−61010−1−4−3−2−200−51−1)⎛⎝⎜⎜⎜−3−2−5−18−16−207−611250⎞⎠⎟⎟⎟(−3801−2−172−56−65−1−210)⎛⎝⎜⎜⎜3251−81−620−76−1−1−2−50⎞⎠⎟⎟⎟

What is -15 in sign-magnitude representation, using a width of 6 bits?

Given a signed 32-bit integer x, return x with its digits reversed. If reversing x causes the value to go outside the signed 32-bit integer range [-231, 231 - 1], then return 0.

Given an n x n binary matrix image, flip the image horizontally, then invert it, and return the resulting image.To flip an image horizontally means that each row of the image is reversed.For example, flipping [1,1,0] horizontally results in [0,1,1].To invert an image means that each 0 is replaced by 1, and each 1 is replaced by 0.For example, inverting [0,1,1] results in [1,0,0].

In the case of  4-bit binary numbers (length 4 bit), how do we represent “-4” in 2’s complement format?

Consider a 4x4 image I and a 3x3 filter kernel W defined as follows:𝐼(𝑥, 𝑦) = [9 7 5 38 6 4 20 2 4 61 3 5 7] 𝑊(𝑠, 𝑡) = 15 [−1 2 −12 1 2−1 2 −1](a) Determine the number of bits required to store all the data in I.(b) Sketch the histogram of I.(c) Denote the filtered image as J(x,y). Assume zero-padding is used, evaluate the pixel values of J manually. Showall your calculation steps clearly.(d) Use Octave to verify your answer in (c