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The price of 2 liters of milk was R14.99 in 2014.  Using a rate of inflation of 6.3% per year, calculate and print each year since 2014 to 2020 with the price of milk in that year, up to and including 2020.  Which of the following algorithms will solve this problem statement?a.DeterminePriceIncrease     price = 14.99     for k = 2014 to 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = 14.99 * 0.063     next kendb.DeterminePriceIncrease     for k >= 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = price * 1.063     next kendc.DeterminePriceIncrease     for k = 2014 to 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = 14.99 * 1.063     next kendd.DeterminePriceIncrease     price = 14.99     for k = 2014 to 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = 14.99 * 1.063     next kend

Question

The price of 2 liters of milk was R14.99 in 2014.  Using a rate of inflation of 6.3% per year, calculate and print each year since 2014 to 2020 with the price of milk in that year, up to and including 2020.  Which of the following algorithms will solve this problem statement?a.DeterminePriceIncrease     price = 14.99     for k = 2014 to 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = 14.99 * 0.063     next kendb.DeterminePriceIncrease     for k >= 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = price * 1.063     next kendc.DeterminePriceIncrease     for k = 2014 to 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = 14.99 * 1.063     next kendd.DeterminePriceIncrease     price = 14.99     for k = 2014 to 2020         display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price         price = 14.99 * 1.063     next kend

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Solution

Para resolver este problema, debemos calcular el precio de la leche cada año desde 2014 hasta 2020, aplicando una tasa de inflación del 6.3% anual. Vamos a analizar cada uno de los algoritmos propuestos:

a.

DeterminePriceIncrease
    price = 14.99
    for k = 2014 to 2020
        display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price
        price = 14.99 * 0.063
    next k

Este algoritmo no es correcto porque siempre multiplica el precio inicial (14.99) por 0.063, lo cual no refleja el aumento acumulativo año tras año.

b.

DeterminePriceIncrease
    for k >= 2020
        display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price
        price = price * 1.063
    next k

Este algoritmo no es correcto porque no inicializa el precio y no tiene un rango de años definido. Además, la condición for k >= 2020 no es válida.

c.

DeterminePriceIncrease
    for k = 2014 to 2020
        display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price
        price = 14.99 * 1.063
    next k

Este algoritmo no es correcto porque siempre multiplica el precio inicial (14.99) por 1.063, sin acumular el aumento año tras año.

d.

DeterminePriceIncrease
    price = 14.99
    for k = 2014 to 2020
        display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price
        price = price * 1.063
    next k

Este algoritmo es correcto porque inicializa el precio en 14.99 y luego, en cada iteración, multiplica el precio actual por 1.063, acumulando así el aumento año tras año.

Por lo tanto, la respuesta correcta es:

d.

DeterminePriceIncrease
    price = 14.99
    for k = 2014 to 2020
        display “Year: “, k, “ price: R”, price
        price = price * 1.063
    next k

This problem has been solved

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