Study the flow chart of extraction of aluminium below and answer the questions that follow.(i) Write the equation for the reaction in chamber Q.(1 mark) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (ii) Name residue P.(1 mark) ………………………………………………………………………………………………… .(iii) Name processes R and C. (2marks) R………………………………………………………………………………………………….. C………………………………………………………………………………………………….. (iv) In process C, a current of 88.0A was passed through molten aluminium oxide for 8hours. Determine the mass of aluminium produced.(3marks) (1 Faraday = 96 500 coulombs and Al = 27)Residue PBauxiteProcess R NaOH(aq) QSolution JProcess BProcess CAluminiumAl2O3(s) Al(OH)3 (s) CHEMISTRY REVISION 2020 Page 2(v) State two ways by which process B is accomplished. (2marks) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (vi) Write an equation for the conversion of aluminium hydroxide into aluminium oxide.(1mark)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (b) Explain the following observations:(i) Aluminium utensils should not be cleaned with strongly alkaline washing liquids. (1mark)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……… (ii)Aluminium alloys are commonly used in aeroplane construction. (1mark)

Study the flow chart of extraction of aluminium below and answer the questions that follow. i) Write the equation for the reaction in chamber Q. (1 mark ii) Name residue P. (1 mark) iii) Name processes R and C. (2 marks)Residue P Bauxite Process R NaOH (aq) Q Solution J Process B Process C Aluminium liquidAl2O3(s)AlOH) 3 (aq) Bauxite Grinders Filtration containing Al(OH)4(aq) / AlO2(aq) Residue Aluminium Hydroxide Aluminium Oxide Molten Aluminium Oxide Gas R Molten Aluminium Process V Process T iv) In process C, a current of 88.0A was passed through molten aluminium oxide for 8 hours. Determine the mass of aluminium produced. (3 marks) (1 Faraday = 96 500 coulombs and Al = 27) v) State two ways by which process B is accomplished. (2 marks) vi) Write an equation for the conversion of aluminium hydroxide into aluminium oxide. (1 mark) b) Explain the following observations: i) Aluminium utensils should not be cleaned with strongly alkaline washing liquids. (1 mark) ii)Aluminium alloys are commonly used in aeroplane construction

The flow chart you've provided is for the extraction of aluminum from bauxite, which is an ore of aluminum. Here are the answers to the questions: 1. Write the equation for the reaction in chamber Q. The reaction in chamber Q is the reaction of bauxite with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium aluminate and other byproducts. The chemical equation for this reaction is typically: \[ \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \cdot x\text{H}_2\text{O} + 2\text{NaOH} \rightarrow 2\text{NaAlO}_2 + (x+1)\text{H}_2\text{O} \] Here, \( \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \cdot x\text{H}_2\text{O} \) represents bauxite, which contains aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and a variable amount of water (xH2O). 2. Name residue P. Residue P is likely the undissolved impurities left over after the bauxite has reacted with sodium hydroxide. This residue often contains compounds like silica (SiO2), iron oxides, and other materials that are not soluble in the sodium hydroxide solution. 3. Name processes R and C. Process R is the Bayer process, which involves the treatment of bauxite with sodium hydroxide at high pressure and temperature, resulting in the dissolution of aluminum oxide and the formation of sodium aluminate in solution J. Process C is the Hall-Héroult process, which involves the electrolytic reduction of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) to produce aluminum metal. This process takes place in a cell where aluminum oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite (Na3AlF6) and then reduced to aluminum at the cathode.

This question is about electrolysis, extraction of metals, and properties of materials.Describe the process of extracting aluminium from its ore, including the role of cryolite and the reactions at each electrode. Write half equations where appropriate.

Which of the following represents the anodic and cathodic reactions during the extraction of aluminium?Anode Cathode(A) 2O2- + 4e →→ O2 AI →→ AI3+ + 3e(B) 4OH- →→ 2H2O + O2 + 4e AI3+ + 3e →→ AI(C) AI3 ++ 3e →→ AI2O2- →→ O2 + 4e(D) 2O2- →→ O2 + 4eAI3 ++ 3e →→ AIA(A)B(B)C(C)D(D)

Discuss the application of following in extraction of metals. Support your answer with suitable examples [3] [15] a. Blast furnace b. Pre-dominance area diagram c.Fluidized bed roasting