Normalize this table to the third normal formOrderID CustomerName CustomerContact Dish1 Quantity1 Dish2 Quantity2 Dish3 Quantity31301 Emily Adams 555-1234 Pasta 2 Salad 1 - -1302 Mark Brown 555-5678 Burger 1 Fries 1 Soda 21303 Sarah Clark 555-9101 Pizza 1 Salad 2 Garlic Bread 1View keyboard shortcutsEditViewInsertFormatToolsTable
Question
Normalize this table to the third normal formOrderID CustomerName CustomerContact Dish1 Quantity1 Dish2 Quantity2 Dish3 Quantity31301 Emily Adams 555-1234 Pasta 2 Salad 1 - -1302 Mark Brown 555-5678 Burger 1 Fries 1 Soda 21303 Sarah Clark 555-9101 Pizza 1 Salad 2 Garlic Bread 1View keyboard shortcutsEditViewInsertFormatToolsTable
Solution
To normalize the given table to the third normal form (3NF), we need to eliminate any transitive dependency by making sure that non-prime attributes (attributes that are not part of any candidate key) are dependent on the primary key only. Here are the steps:
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Identify the primary key: In this case, the primary key is OrderID as it uniquely identifies each row.
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First Normal Form (1NF): A table is in 1NF if it has an atomic value for each attribute in a row. The given table is not in 1NF because the attributes Dish and Quantity have repeating groups. We can convert it to 1NF by creating a new table for each Dish and Quantity pair:
Table Order:
OrderID CustomerName CustomerContact 1301 Emily Adams 555-1234 1302 Mark Brown 555-5678 1303 Sarah Clark 555-9101 Table OrderDetails:
OrderID Dish Quantity 1301 Pasta 2 1301 Salad 1 1302 Burger 1 1302 Fries 1 1302 Soda 2 1303 Pizza 1 1303 Salad 2 1303 Garlic Bread 1 -
Second Normal Form (2NF): A table is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and every non-prime attribute is fully functionally dependent on the primary key. The tables Order and OrderDetails are already in 2NF because all non-prime attributes are fully functionally dependent on the primary key.
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Third Normal Form (3NF): A table is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and there is no transitive dependency for non-prime attributes. In the Order table, CustomerName and CustomerContact are dependent on each other. We can remove this transitive dependency by creating a new table:
Table Customer:
CustomerID CustomerName CustomerContact 1 Emily Adams 555-1234 2 Mark Brown 555-5678 3 Sarah Clark 555-9101 And update the Order table to:
OrderID CustomerID 1301 1 1302 2 1303 3
Now, all tables are in 3NF.
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