The university is doing a study of the effectiveness of different teaching aids. It is hoped a sample of 500 students can be tested. They will be asked about the aspects of their degree that have enabled them to achieve their best marks on assignments. How might demand characteristics be avoided?Question 26Answera.Have a larger sample size as this will make it easier to detect any significant findings in the datab.Reward the participants for good responses by offering to give a prize for the best contributionsc.Add in extra questions so that the specific details of what the study is investigating is less clear to participantsd.Deceive the participants about the nature of the study by having most of the content unrelated to the study and recruiting participants based on the description of the irrelevant content
Question
The university is doing a study of the effectiveness of different teaching aids. It is hoped a sample of 500 students can be tested. They will be asked about the aspects of their degree that have enabled them to achieve their best marks on assignments. How might demand characteristics be avoided?Question 26Answera.Have a larger sample size as this will make it easier to detect any significant findings in the datab.Reward the participants for good responses by offering to give a prize for the best contributionsc.Add in extra questions so that the specific details of what the study is investigating is less clear to participantsd.Deceive the participants about the nature of the study by having most of the content unrelated to the study and recruiting participants based on the description of the irrelevant content
Solution
The best way to avoid demand characteristics in this study would be option c: Add in extra questions so that the specific details of what the study is investigating is less clear to participants.
Demand characteristics refer to an experimental artifact where participants form an interpretation of the experiment's purpose and unconsciously change their behavior to fit that interpretation. By adding extra questions that are not directly related to the study's main focus, it can help to disguise the true purpose of the study, making it less likely for participants to alter their responses based on what they think the researchers are looking for.
Option a, having a larger sample size, may help to increase the power of the study and detect significant findings, but it doesn't necessarily help to avoid demand characteristics.
Option b, rewarding participants for good responses, could actually introduce bias as participants may be more likely to respond in a way they think will earn them the reward.
Option d, deceiving participants about the nature of the study, is generally considered unethical in research unless absolutely necessary and could potentially harm the trust between researchers and participants.
Similar Questions
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A study was carried out to investigate exam performance for university students. One version of the study involved students at the University of Taranaki, who volunteered to be in the study. Two groups were compared: a group that were trained in a new study technique and a group that were asked to use their current study technique. These groups were determined by giving participants the option to choose which group they were in. The researchers conducted a two sample t-test and found a difference of 6.5 between the mean exam scores for each group (p-value = 0.062), with the group that were trained in a new study technique having the higher mean. What kind of study was this (experiment or observational)
Describe how the student will ensure that sufficient data has been collected.
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