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Name the evolutionary mechanism that causes organisms to evolve.

Question

Name the evolutionary mechanism that causes organisms to evolve.

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Solution

The evolutionary mechanism that causes organisms to evolve is called Natural Selection. Here are the steps explaining how it works:

  1. Variation: Within any given population of organisms, there is genetic variation. This variation arises due to mutations and the recombination of genes during sexual reproduction.

  2. Overproduction: Most species produce more offspring than can survive. This leads to a struggle for resources and survival.

  3. Adaptation: Some variations make an individual more suited to its environment. These individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their advantageous traits to their offspring.

  4. Descent with Modification: Over time, the traits that enhance survival and reproduction accumulate in the population. This leads to changes in the genetic makeup of the population, and over time, these changes can become so significant that a new species is formed.

This process of natural selection leads to the evolution of new species. It was first proposed by Charles Darwin in his book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859.

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