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Let Ri(z) and Wi(z) denote read and write operations on a data element z by a transaction Tjr respectively. Consider the schedule S with four transactions. S: R4(x) * R2(x) * R3(x) * R1(y) * W1(y) * W2(x) * W3(y) * R4(y) Which one of the following serial schedules is conflict equivalent to S?

Question

Let Ri(z) and Wi(z) denote read and write operations on a data element z by a transaction Tjr respectively. Consider the schedule S with four transactions. S: R4(x) * R2(x) * R3(x) * R1(y) * W1(y) * W2(x) * W3(y) * R4(y) Which one of the following serial schedules is conflict equivalent to S?

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Solution

To determine which serial schedule is conflict equivalent to S, we need to understand the concept of conflict equivalence. Two schedules are said to be conflict equivalent if they have the same set of transactions, and the order of any two conflicting operations is maintained.

A conflict operation in a schedule occurs when two transactions access the same data item, and at least one of them is a write operation. In the given schedule S, the conflicting operations are:

  • R4(x) and W2(x)
  • R2(x) and W2(x)
  • R3(x) and W2(x)

Now, let's look at the serial schedules. A serial schedule is one where transactions are aligned in such a way that one transaction executes at a time. Given the conflicting operations, the transaction T2 must be executed after T4, T2, and T3. Also, T1 must be executed after T3 because of the conflict between R1(y) and W3(y).

So, the serial schedule that is conflict equivalent to S is: T4-T3-T2-T1.

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