Short Answer Questions (23 marks total)Q1. Name one (1) way your body can alter systemic vascular resistance (1 marks) and statehow this change would affect blood pressure by referring to the blood pressure equation(1 marks).(2 marks total)Q2. Explain the physiological differences between quiet inspiration and forced inspiration (your answer must contain at least two muscles used in forced inspiration)?

Q1. One way the body can alter systemic vascular resistance is through vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of the blood vessels. This change would increase blood pressure as per the blood pressure equation: BP = CO x SVR (Blood Pressure = Cardiac Output x Systemic Vascular Resistance). When systemic vascular resistance increases due to vasoconstriction, blood pressure also increases.

Q2. Quiet inspiration and forced inspiration are two different types of breathing that involve different physiological processes.

Quiet inspiration is a passive process that primarily involves the diaphragm. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downwards, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and decreasing the pressure inside, which allows air to flow into the lungs.

Forced inspiration, on the other hand, is an active process that involves additional muscles. Besides the diaphragm, the sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles in the neck, as well as the external intercostal muscles between the ribs, are also involved. These muscles contract to further increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing a greater amount of air to flow into the lungs. This is typically required during heavy exercise or in conditions where more oxygen is needed.