Two long parallel wires are at a distance of 4 cm4 cm. They carry currents I𝐼 and 3I3𝐼 in same direction. Where will the field produced by both wires be zero from current I𝐼?
Question
Two long parallel wires are at a distance of 4 cm4 cm. They carry currents I𝐼 and 3I3𝐼 in same direction. Where will the field produced by both wires be zero from current I𝐼?
Solution
The magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire at a distance r is given by Ampere's law as B = μ0I/2πr, where μ0 is the permeability of free space, I is the current, and r is the distance from the wire.
The magnetic field at a point due to both wires will be zero if the fields produced by them at that point are equal and opposite.
Let's consider two cases:
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The point is between the wires: In this case, the field due to the wire carrying current I will be towards this wire and the field due to the wire carrying current 3I will be away from this wire. For the fields to be equal, we have μ0I/2πr = μ03I/2π(4-r), where r is the distance of the point from the wire carrying current I. Solving this equation gives r = 1 cm.
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The point is outside the wires: In this case, the field due to both wires will be in the same direction. For the fields to be equal, we have μ0I/2πr = μ03I/2π(r-4), where r is the distance of the point from the wire carrying current I. Solving this equation gives r = 6 cm.
So, the field produced by both wires will be zero at 1 cm from the wire carrying current I between the wires and at 6 cm from the wire carrying current I outside the wires.
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