Cognitive Cyber-Physical Systems (C-CCP) is anupgrade over the cyber-physical-social system. Besidesacknowledging the role of humans in Cyber-PhysicalSystems (CPS), communication-wise in particular, it ben-efits from a certain degree of machine consciousness[31]. Instead of sense-plan-act, C-CCP operates on thesense-analyze-compute-act cycle. Under this cycle,C-CCP can be characterized by the four properties ofself-knowledge, self-monitoring, self-awareness, andself-informing, which allow it to respond under all cir-cumstances proactively [32]. C-CPS also recognizes therole of human cognition in the CPS, offering a smootherand safer man-machine interaction across operations[33]. C-CCP is expected to be more effective in patterndetection across ongoing operations, self-recognition,failure correction, and informed decision-making [34].Sensors, actuators, robotic units, control systems, wire-less communications technologies (5 G and 6 G), andthe human-machine interface are among the majorcomponents of C-CCP [35].

Cognitive Cyber-Physical Systems (C-CCP) are an advancement over the cyber-physical-social system. They not only recognize the role of humans in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), particularly in terms of communication, but also incorporate a certain level of machine consciousness. Instead of the sense-plan-act cycle, C-CCP operates on a sense-analyze-compute-act cycle.

This cycle allows C-CCP to exhibit four key properties: self-knowledge, self-monitoring, self-awareness, and self-informing. These properties enable the system to proactively respond under all circumstances.

Furthermore, C-CCP acknowledges the role of human cognition in CPS, facilitating smoother and safer interactions between humans and machines across various operations.

C-CCP is anticipated to be more effective in detecting patterns across ongoing operations, recognizing itself, correcting failures, and making informed decisions.

The major components of C-CCP include sensors, actuators, robotic units, control systems, wireless communications technologies (such as 5G and 6G), and the human-machine interface.