Define Subnetting. Suppose you are given network address: 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 then calculate total number of subnets and numbers of hosts per subnet. [1+2+2]

Subnetting is a method of dividing a network into two or more smaller networks. It is done by taking bits from the host portion of the IP address and using them to create a subnet address. This helps to improve network performance and security.

Given the network address: 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask: 255.255.255.240, we can calculate the total number of subnets and the number of hosts per subnet as follows:

1. First, we need to determine the number of bits that are used for subnetting. The subnet mask 255.255.255.240 in binary is 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000. The last four zeros represent the subnet bits.

2. The total number of subnets is calculated by 2^n, where n is the number of subnet bits. In this case, n=4, so the total number of subnets is 2^4 = 16.

3. The number of hosts per subnet is calculated by 2^m - 2, where m is the number of host bits. In this case, m=4 (as the last four bits of the subnet mask are used for hosts), so the number of hosts per subnet is 2^4 - 2 = 14.

So, there are 16 subnets and 14 hosts per subnet.