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During exercise, which of the following causes an increased heart rate? parasympathetic stimulation of the atrioventricular node. parasympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial node. sympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial node. sympathetic stimulation of the atrioventricular node.

Question

During exercise, which of the following causes an increased heart rate? parasympathetic stimulation of the atrioventricular node. parasympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial node. sympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial node. sympathetic stimulation of the atrioventricular node.

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Solution

During exercise, the factor that causes an increased heart rate is the sympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial node.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

  1. The sinoatrial node (SA node) is a group of cells located in the right atrium of the heart. These cells are responsible for initiating the electrical signals that regulate the heart's rhythm.

  2. During exercise, the body needs more oxygen and nutrients, which are delivered by the blood. To meet this increased demand, the heart needs to pump more blood, which requires it to beat faster.

  3. The sympathetic nervous system, which is part of the autonomic nervous system, responds to this need by releasing hormones that stimulate the SA node.

  4. This stimulation causes the SA node to increase the rate at which it fires its electrical signals, which in turn increases the heart rate.

  5. Therefore, it is the sympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial node that causes an increased heart rate during exercise.

The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, works to slow the heart rate down once the need for increased blood flow has passed.

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