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There is a bag with three balls numbered 1 to 3. There is also a pack of three cards lettered K, Q, and J.As a trial of an experiment, a ball was chosen and a card drawn. The number 1 to 3 of the ball and the letter K, Q, or J of the card drawn were recorded.Here is a summary of the data from 825 trials.Outcome 1K 2K 3K 1Q 2Q 3Q 1J 2J 3JNumber of trials 94 96 85 99 93 85 83 94 96Answer each part.(a) Assuming the ball was chosen and the card was drawn at random, find the theoretical probability of this event: both choosing the 2 or 3 ball and drawing a Q or J card, in a single trial. Round your answer to the nearest thousandth.(b) Use the data to find the experimental probability of this event: both choosing the 2 or 3 ball and drawing a Q or J card, in a single trial. Round your answer to the nearest thousandth.(c) Choose the statement that is true.The experimental probability will never be very close to the theoretical probability, no matter the number of trials.The smaller the number of trials, the greater the likelihood that the experimental probability will be close to the theoretical probability.The larger the number of trials, the greater the likelihood that the experimental probability will be close to the theoretical probability.

Question

There is a bag with three balls numbered 1 to 3. There is also a pack of three cards lettered K, Q, and J.As a trial of an experiment, a ball was chosen and a card drawn. The number 1 to 3 of the ball and the letter K, Q, or J of the card drawn were recorded.Here is a summary of the data from 825 trials.Outcome 1K 2K 3K 1Q 2Q 3Q 1J 2J 3JNumber of trials 94 96 85 99 93 85 83 94 96Answer each part.(a) Assuming the ball was chosen and the card was drawn at random, find the theoretical probability of this event: both choosing the 2 or 3 ball and drawing a Q or J card, in a single trial. Round your answer to the nearest thousandth.(b) Use the data to find the experimental probability of this event: both choosing the 2 or 3 ball and drawing a Q or J card, in a single trial. Round your answer to the nearest thousandth.(c) Choose the statement that is true.The experimental probability will never be very close to the theoretical probability, no matter the number of trials.The smaller the number of trials, the greater the likelihood that the experimental probability will be close to the theoretical probability.The larger the number of trials, the greater the likelihood that the experimental probability will be close to the theoretical probability.

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Solution

(a) Para encontrar la probabilidad teórica de elegir una bola 2 o 3 y sacar una carta Q o J en un solo intento, primero determinamos el número total de posibles resultados. Hay 3 bolas y 3 cartas, por lo que hay 3×3=93 \times 3 = 9 posibles combinaciones.

Las combinaciones favorables son:

  • 2Q
  • 2J
  • 3Q
  • 3J

Hay 4 combinaciones favorables. Por lo tanto, la probabilidad teórica es: 490.444 \frac{4}{9} \approx 0.444

(b) Para encontrar la probabilidad experimental, usamos los datos proporcionados. Primero, sumamos el número de ensayos en los que se eligió una bola 2 o 3 y se sacó una carta Q o J:

  • 2Q: 93
  • 2J: 94
  • 3Q: 85
  • 3J: 96

Sumamos estos valores: 93+94+85+96=368 93 + 94 + 85 + 96 = 368

El número total de ensayos es 825. Por lo tanto, la probabilidad experimental es: 3688250.446 \frac{368}{825} \approx 0.446

(c) La afirmación verdadera es: "La probabilidad experimental será más cercana a la probabilidad teórica cuanto mayor sea el número de ensayos."

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