Artificial active immunisation is induced by administration of

Artificial active immunisation is induced by the administration of vaccines. These vaccines contain weakened or dead pathogens, or parts of the pathogen like proteins or sugars, which stimulate the body's immune system to produce a response, including the production of antibodies. This process helps the body "learn" how to fight off an infection by that particular pathogen in the future, providing immunity.

Here are the steps:

1. Administration of the Vaccine: The vaccine, containing the weakened, dead, or partial pathogen, is administered into the body. This is usually done through an injection.

2. Recognition by the Immune System: The antigens (foreign substances that induce an immune response) in the vaccine are recognized by the cells of the immune system as foreign.

3. Immune Response: The immune system responds by producing a specific type of white blood cell called a lymphocyte. There are two types of lymphocytes involved in the immune response: B cells, which produce antibodies that can bind to the pathogen and neutralize it, and T cells, which can kill the pathogen directly.

4. Memory Cell Production: Some of the B and T cells become memory cells. These cells "remember" the specific pathogen and can mount a quick and effective response if the body is exposed to the pathogen again in the future.

5. Immunity: The presence of memory cells provides immunity against the pathogen. If the individual is exposed to the pathogen again, the immune system can respond quickly and effectively, preventing or reducing illness.