Program to implement heap sort

Sure, here is a step-by-step explanation of how to implement heap sort:

1. Start by defining a function called heapify. This function takes three parameters: the array to be sorted, the size of the array, and the index of the current node.

2. Inside the heapify function, initialize the largest variable as the current node index.

3. Calculate the indices of the left and right child nodes using the formulas: left_child = 2 * current_node + 1 and right_child = 2 * current_node + 2.

4. Compare the value of the left child with the value of the largest node. If the left child is larger, update the largest variable.

5. Compare the value of the right child with the value of the largest node. If the right child is larger, update the largest variable.

6. If the largest variable is not equal to the current node index, swap the values of the current node and the largest node.

7. Recursively call the heapify function on the affected child node.

8. Now, define the main heap_sort function. This function takes the array to be sorted as a parameter.

9. Inside the heap_sort function, initialize the size of the array as the length of the array.

10. Build a max heap by calling the heapify function on each non-leaf node, starting from the last non-leaf node and moving up to the root node.

11. Once the max heap is built, start extracting the maximum element from the heap and placing it at the end of the array.

12. After each extraction, reduce the size of the heap by 1 and call the heapify function on the root node to maintain the heap property.

13. Repeat steps 11 and 12 until the entire array is sorted.

14. Finally, return the sorted array.

That's it! You have now implemented the heap sort algorithm.