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A parallel plate air capacitor is charged to a potential difference of V volts. After disconnecting the charging battery the distance between the plates of the capacitor is increased using an insulating handle. As a result the potential difference between the plates(a) increases

Question

A parallel plate air capacitor is charged to a potential difference of V volts. After disconnecting the charging battery the distance between the plates of the capacitor is increased using an insulating handle. As a result the potential difference between the plates(a) increases

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Solution

Para resolver esta pregunta, sigamos los siguientes pasos:

  1. Entender el concepto de capacitancia: La capacitancia C C de un capacitor de placas paralelas está dada por la fórmula: C=ε0Ad C = \frac{\varepsilon_0 A}{d} donde ε0 \varepsilon_0 es la permitividad del vacío, A A es el área de las placas, y d d es la distancia entre las placas.

  2. Relación entre carga, capacitancia y voltaje: La carga Q Q almacenada en el capacitor está relacionada con la capacitancia y el voltaje V V por la fórmula: Q=CV Q = C \cdot V

  3. Condición después de desconectar la batería: Cuando se desconecta la batería, la carga Q Q en el capacitor permanece constante porque no hay un circuito cerrado para que la carga se disipe.

  4. Aumento de la distancia entre las placas: Al aumentar la distancia d d entre las placas, la capacitancia C C disminuye porque C C es inversamente proporcional a d d .

  5. Nuevo voltaje entre las placas: Dado que la carga Q Q permanece constante y la capacitancia C C disminuye, el nuevo voltaje V V' entre las placas se puede encontrar usando la relación: Q=CV Q = C' \cdot V' donde C C' es la nueva capacitancia después de aumentar la distancia d d .

  6. Conclusión: Como C C' es menor que C C y Q Q es constante, el nuevo voltaje V V' debe ser mayor que el voltaje inicial V V para mantener la igualdad Q=CV Q = C' \cdot V' .

Por lo tanto, la diferencia de potencial entre las placas aumenta.

This problem has been solved

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