What is a memory efficient double linked list?Select one:a.Each node has only one pointer to traverse the list back and forthb.The list has breakpoints for faster traversalc.An auxiliary singly linked list acts as a helper list to traverse through the doubly linked listd.A doubly linked list that uses bitwise AND operator for storing addresses

To determine the correct answer to the question "What is a memory efficient double linked list?" let's analyze each option step by step:

a. Each node has only one pointer to traverse the list back and forth

• This option suggests that each node has only one pointer, which is not typical for a doubly linked list. A standard doubly linked list has two pointers: one pointing to the next node and one pointing to the previous node. Having only one pointer would not allow traversal in both directions efficiently.

b. The list has breakpoints for faster traversal

• This option suggests adding breakpoints to the list for faster traversal. While this might improve traversal speed, it does not directly address memory efficiency. Breakpoints could potentially add more memory overhead.

c. An auxiliary singly linked list acts as a helper list to traverse through the doubly linked list

• This option suggests using an additional singly linked list to help traverse the doubly linked list. This would actually increase memory usage because it introduces an extra data structure.

d. A doubly linked list that uses bitwise AND operator for storing addresses

• This option suggests using a bitwise AND operator for storing addresses, which is a technique known as XOR linked list. In an XOR linked list, instead of storing two separate pointers (next and previous), each node stores the XOR of the addresses of the next and previous nodes. This reduces the memory required for pointers by half, making it more memory efficient.

Given the analysis, the correct answer is:

d. A doubly linked list that uses bitwise AND operator for storing addresses