A microphone records sound produced from two speakers. As the microphone is moved around, a position at which the microphone receives a minimum intensity is found. If the intensity of one of the sound waves alone at that location is 0.055 W/m2, and if the microphone receives an intensity of 0.004 W/m2 there, what is a possible value for the intensity of the other source at the microphone’s location?
Question
A microphone records sound produced from two speakers. As the microphone is moved around, a position at which the microphone receives a minimum intensity is found. If the intensity of one of the sound waves alone at that location is 0.055 W/m2, and if the microphone receives an intensity of 0.004 W/m2 there, what is a possible value for the intensity of the other source at the microphone’s location?
Solution
The intensity of sound waves is additive, meaning that the total intensity at a given point is the sum of the intensities of the individual waves at that point. However, in this case, the microphone is receiving a minimum intensity, which suggests that the two waves are interfering destructively. Destructive interference occurs when two waves are out of phase, causing them to cancel each other out to some extent.
Given that the intensity of one of the sound waves alone at that location is 0.055 W/m^2, and the total intensity received by the microphone is 0.004 W/m^2, the intensity of the other sound wave at the microphone's location must be such that it interferes with the first wave to produce the observed total intensity.
The difference in intensity between the single wave and the total intensity gives us the intensity of the second wave. So, we subtract the total intensity from the intensity of the single wave:
0.055 W/m^2 - 0.004 W/m^2 = 0.051 W/m^2
Therefore, a possible value for the intensity of the other source at the microphone's location is 0.051 W/m^2.
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