You have been hired by a "storm chaser" as an assistant. This individual loves to find locations at which tornadoes and violent lightning storms are occurring. While there, he takes photographs and makes electromagnetic measurements. You are on a chase with him to a lightning storm in Florida. He explains to you that a cloud layer and the ground can be considered as the plates of a capacitor that stores charge, with the ground being charged negatively. The capacitor continuously leaks charge due to the free charges in the air between the plates. In thunderclouds, however, various processes result in charge distributions that eventually lead to lightning, a phenomenon that delivers negative charge to the ground. Therefore, the lightning recharges the capacitor. Ahead of you is a cloud layer that the storm chaser measures to be of area 2.00 km2 and height 3 km above the ground. He then uses a special apparatus called a field mill to measure that the electric field under the cloud is 4.00 ✕ 106 N/C. He asks you to do a quick calculation of the charge on the cloud-ground capacitor (in C), so you can know what to expect if there is a bolt of lightning.

Lightning is caused by the discharge of electrical charges in the rain bearing clouds. Cloudscarring charges are separated by a thin gap of air between them. When the quantity of chargeparticles in the clouds become very high the air gap between them loses its insulation and thecharges tend to flow through the air. This phenomenon is known as electric discharge. 3a Which of the following statements are correct?Statement I - Avoid using mobile phones if you are outside the house.Statement ll - lightning strike could destroy life and property.Statement lll - Electrical appliances like computers and TVs should be unplugged.i. l onlyii. l and lliii. ll and llliv. l, ll and lll

During thunderstorms, positive and negative charges in clouds become separated. Positive charge builds up on the top of clouds, and negative charge builds up on the bottom of clouds. How might the charged clouds affect the charges in the neutral ground below the clouds? Select the statement that describes what happens to the charges in the ground. aPositive charges are created in the ground. bNegative charges move from the ground to the cloud. cPositive charges move from the clouds to the ground. dNegative charges move away from the top of the ground.

Think about the article. What causes an electric charge to build up in a cloud?A.Ice and slush brush against each other inside the cloud.B.Tall objects or buildings brush against the clouds.C.Bolts of lightning reach from the cloud to the ground.D.The clouds respond to the positive charges in the ground.

During lightning strikes from a cloud to the ground, currents as high as 25000 A can occur and last for about 40μs. How much charge is transferred from the cloud to the earth during such a strike?

explain how lightning is caused in 50-60 words