SECTION 4Questions 31-32 | Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.What does the speaker focus on in this talk?(A) the causes of air and water pollution(B) the financial cost of too much pollution(C) a way to reduce the amount of pollutionHow does the speaker define “phytoremediation”?(A) growing food crops in polluted regions(B) the use of plants to eliminate pollution(C) reducing the pollution level in factoriesQuestions 33–40 | Complete the notes below.Write ONE WORD OR A NUMBER ONLY for each answer.Process: • plants are grown in water or 33- ………………………… that is polluted • remove pollution from the 34- ………………………… at the same time as they take in waterExample: • sunflower 35- ………………………… can either be eaten or used as a source of oil • also good at removing a pollutant called arsenic (a kind of 36- …………………………)Benefits: • using plants costs less than other 37- ………………………… of cleaning up pollution • example: alpine pennycress to remove cadmium - $ 38- ………………………… per acre (cost of traditional approach would be closer to $1,000,000)Drawbacks: • can take a long time compared with other approaches • example: alpine pennycress took up to 39- ………………………… years to remove cadmium • if ground is badly polluted, plants may not grow at allOverall: • phytoremediation is a good option and scientists want to make it more effective • Swedish scientists found floating hook moss can remove arsenic from water - up to 40- ………………………… percent of the pollutant in just one hour

SECTION 4Questions 31-32 | Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.What does the speaker focus on in this talk?(A) the causes of air and water pollution(B) the financial cost of too much pollution(C) a way to reduce the amount of pollutionHow does the speaker define “phytoremediation”?(A) growing food crops in polluted regions(B) the use of plants to eliminate pollution(C) reducing the pollution level in factoriesQuestions 33–40 | Complete the notes below.Write ONE WORD OR A NUMBER ONLY for each answer.Process: • plants are grown in water or 33- ………………………… that is polluted • remove pollution from the 34- ………………………… at the same time as they take in waterExample: • sunflower 35- ………………………… can either be eaten or used as a source of oil • also good at removing a pollutant called arsenic (a kind of 36- …………………………)Benefits: • using plants costs less than other 37- ………………………… of cleaning up pollution • example: alpine pennycress to remove cadmium - $38- ………………………… per acre (cost of traditional approach would be closer to$1,000,000)Drawbacks: • can take a long time compared with other approaches • example: alpine pennycress took up to 39- ………………………… years to remove cadmium • if ground is badly polluted, plants may not grow at allOverall: • phytoremediation is a good option and scientists want to make it more effective • Swedish scientists found floating hook moss can remove arsenic from water - up to 40- ………………………… percent of the pollutant in just one hour