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What is the kinetic energy in MeV of a 𝛽 ray that is traveling at 0.982c? This gives some idea of how energetic a 𝛽 ray must be to travel at nearly the same speed as a 𝛾 ray.

Question

What is the kinetic energy in MeV of a 𝛽 ray that is traveling at 0.982c? This gives some idea of how energetic a 𝛽 ray must be to travel at nearly the same speed as a 𝛾 ray.

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Solution

To calculate the kinetic energy of a 𝛽 ray traveling at 0.982c, we can use the relativistic kinetic energy equation. The equation is given by:

E = (γ - 1) * m₀ * c²

Where: E is the kinetic energy, γ is the Lorentz factor, m₀ is the rest mass of the particle, c is the speed of light.

To find the Lorentz factor (γ), we can use the equation:

γ = 1 / sqrt(1 - (v/c)²)

Where: v is the velocity of the 𝛽 ray, c is the speed of light.

Given that the 𝛽 ray is traveling at 0.982c, we can substitute this value into the equation to find γ:

γ = 1 / sqrt(1 - (0.982c/c)²) = 1 / sqrt(1 - 0.964324) = 1 / sqrt(0.035676) = 1 / 0.1889 = 5.294

Now, we need to determine the rest mass of the 𝛽 ray. The rest mass of a 𝛽 ray is typically considered to be negligible compared to other particles, so we can assume it to be zero (m₀ = 0).

Substituting the values into the relativistic kinetic energy equation:

E = (γ - 1) * m₀ * c² = (5.294 - 1) * 0 * c² = 0

Therefore, the kinetic energy of the 𝛽 ray traveling at 0.982c is zero MeV. This indicates that the 𝛽 ray does not possess any significant kinetic energy at this speed, as it is nearly the same as a 𝛾 ray.

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