Passage 1: The Song of VasitthiI wandered here and there overcome with grief for my son, with my mind deranged, out of my senses, and with disheveled hair. I dwelt on rubbish heaps in the streets, in a cemetery, and on highways. I wandered for three years, condemned to hunger and thirst.Then I saw the Blessed One (the Buddha) who had gone to the city of Mithila, the tamer of the untamed, the enlightened one, who has no fear of anyone or anything.I regained my mind, paid homage to him, and sat down before him. In pity, the Buddha taught me the doctrine.I heard the doctrine from him, abandoned all possessions, and entered a monastery. Applying myself to the teacher’s wisdom, I realized the blissful state.All grief has been eliminated because I have understood the grounds from which grief comes.Passage 2: The Song of SujataI left my house and went to the pleasure garden ornamented, well-dressed, wearing a garland scented with sandalwood, covered with all my jewelry, attended by a crowd of slave-women, taking food and drink of all kinds and quantities.I enjoyed myself there and as I was coming back to my own house, I saw a monastery. I entered the monastery in Anjana wood at Saketa.I saw the light of the world (the Buddha). I paid homage to him and sat down. In pity, the one with vision taught me the doctrine.I heard the great sage and I completely understood the truth. In that very place, I grasped the stainless doctrine, the state of the undying.After learning the true doctrine, I abandoned all possessions, and entered a monastery. I have obtained knowledge; the Buddha’s teaching was not in vain.QuestionWhat characteristic of Buddhism in Classical South Asia do the passages most directly illustrate?

Which one of the following explainsthe practice of 'Vattakirutal' asmentioned in Sangam poems?

Vasudeva looked into Siddhartha's eyes and saw the serenity of knowledge shining in them.        He touched his shoulder gently and said:        "I have waited for this hour, my friend. Now that it has arrived, let me go.          Farewell Siddhartha."        What was Vasudeva referring to in the quote above?Group of answer choicesSiddhartha was no longer the pupil; he had become enlightened and now a teacher.Ironically, Vasudeva was leaving the river he loved so much.He was going to move to the city because old age and sickness were better tended to among people.Awakened by Siddhartha's situation with his son, Vasudeva decides to seek out his own son and make amends for past family hurts.Vasudeva ceremoniously burns his boat and sinks it to symbolize the end of a former life.

The following text is adapted from a translation of Charles Baudelaire’s 1869 prose poem “The Cake.”I was traveling. The landscape in the midst of which I was seated was of an irresistible grandeur and sublimity. My thoughts fluttered with a lightness like that of the atmosphere; vulgar passions, such as hate and profane love, seemed to me now as far away as the clouds that floated in the gulfs beneath my feet; my soul seemed to me as vast and pure as the dome of the sky that enveloped me; the remembrance of earthly things came as faintly to my heart as the thin tinkle of the bells of unseen herds, browsing far, far away, on the slope of another mountain. Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?The speaker begins with general descriptions of the landscape and then hones in on more granular details.eliminateThe speaker initially describes the physicality of the landscape around him in concrete detail and then summarizes his impressions of it. eliminateThe speakers uses the landscape as a metaphor for his own interior thoughts, ending on an image.eliminateThe speaker criticizes his surrounding but then comes around to admitting his own faults.

Dust as we are, the immortal spirit grows like harmony in music; there is a dark inscrutable workmanship that reconciles discordant elements, makes them cling together. In one society. How strange that all. The terrors, pains, and early miseries, regrets, vexations, lassitudes interfused within my mind, should e’er have borne a part, and that a needful part, in making up. The calm existence that is mine when I am worthy of myself! Praise to the end!According to the poet, one can be worthy of oneself only when one has experienced the terrors and the pains of life and has grown above them to achieve a state of calmness.All the discordant elements in the poet’s life have gone into making him what he is now, and the calmness that he feels in the present is only because of having experienced the terrors in the past; this is what has made him a worthy human being.The mind fuses the past and the present in such a way that the calmness the poet feels at the moment is in a way amnesiac of the past; it is only because of this forgetfulness of the terrors of the past that the poet can be calm in the present. Dust we are and unto dust we will return; in the meanwhile, one must undergo all the pains and travails of life in order to become a worthy human being-- only then can one achieve a praiseworthy end.

Read the first two stanzas of this poem:I saw my soul at rest upon a dayAs a bird sleeping in the nest of night,Among soft leaves that give the starlight wayTo touch its wings but not its eyes with light;So that it knew as one in visions may,And knew not as men waking, of delight.This was the measure of my soul's delight;It had no power of joy to fly by day,Nor part in the large lordship of the light;But in a secret moon-beholden wayHad all its will of dreams and pleasant night,And all the love and life that sleepers may.This excerpt is an example of what type of poem?A.BalladB.HaikuC.SonnetD.Sestina