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Define the term “Human Rights Law “Explain the scope of international Human rights and Humanitarian Law

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Define the term “Human Rights Law “Explain the scope of international Human rights and Humanitarian Law

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Human Rights Law is a set of international laws, principles, norms, and standards that protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals. These rights are inherent to all human beings, regardless of nationality, sex, ethnicity, religion, language, or any other status. They include civil and political rights, such as the right to life, liberty, and freedom of expression; as well as economic, social, and cultural rights, like the right to work, social security, and education.

The scope of international human rights law is broad and diverse. It applies to all states and it is binding on them, regardless of their political, economic, or cultural systems. International human rights law lays down obligations for states to act in certain ways or refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups.

Humanitarian Law, on the other hand, is a set of rules which seek, for humanitarian reasons, to limit the effects of armed conflict. It protects persons who are not or are no longer participating in the hostilities and restricts the means and methods of warfare. Humanitarian law is also known as the law of war or the law of armed conflict.

International humanitarian law is also part of international law, which is the body of rules governing relations between states. It is inspired by considerations of humanity and the mitigation of human suffering. It comprises of the Geneva Conventions and the Hague Conventions, plus subsequent treaties, case law, and customary international law.

It defines the conduct and responsibilities of belligerent nations, neutral nations, and individuals engaged in warfare, in relation to each other and to protected persons, usually meaning non-combatants. It is designed to balance humanitarian concerns and military necessity, and subjects warfare to the rule of law by limiting its destructive effect and mitigating human suffering.

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