Which of the following best describes a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNA transcription?Multiple choice question.In prokaryotes, a primary transcript is first synthesized, which is then split into several mature mRNAs.In eukaryotes, a primary transcript is first synthesized which is modified to become the mature mRNA.In eukaryotes, the mature mRNA transcript is directly synthesized from the DNA template.
Question
Which of the following best describes a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNA transcription?Multiple choice question.In prokaryotes, a primary transcript is first synthesized, which is then split into several mature mRNAs.In eukaryotes, a primary transcript is first synthesized which is modified to become the mature mRNA.In eukaryotes, the mature mRNA transcript is directly synthesized from the DNA template.
Solution
The best answer is: "In eukaryotes, a primary transcript is first synthesized which is modified to become the mature mRNA."
Here's why:
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In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur almost simultaneously. The mRNA does not need to be processed or exit a nucleus, so it is translated into protein as soon as it is transcribed. Therefore, the first option is incorrect.
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In eukaryotes, a primary transcript (also known as pre-mRNA) is first synthesized. This pre-mRNA then undergoes several modifications including the addition of a 5' cap, poly-A tail, and splicing to remove introns. After these modifications, the mRNA is considered mature and can be translated into protein. Therefore, the second option is correct.
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The third option is incorrect because, as mentioned above, in eukaryotes the mature mRNA is not directly synthesized from the DNA template. It needs to undergo several modifications before it is considered mature.
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