The Constitution of India guaranteed formal equality and radical social reforms.OPTIONSfalsetrue

The statement "The Constitution of India guaranteed formal equality and radical social reforms" is true.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

1. Formal Equality: The Constitution of India guarantees formal equality through various provisions. For instance, Article 14 ensures equality before the law and equal protection of the laws within the territory of India. Articles 15 and 16 prohibit discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth and ensure equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.

2. Radical Social Reforms: The Constitution also aims at radical social reforms. For example:

   • Abolition of Untouchability: Article 17 abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form.
   • Prohibition of Discrimination: Article 15(4) allows the state to make special provisions for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
   • Reservation Policies: Articles 15(4) and 16(4) provide for reservation in educational institutions and public employment for backward classes, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes.
   • Directive Principles of State Policy: Part IV of the Constitution outlines the Directive Principles of State Policy, which aim to create social and economic conditions under which citizens can lead a good life. These principles guide the state in making laws and policies to promote social welfare and reduce inequalities.

Therefore, the Constitution of India indeed guarantees formal equality and aims at radical social reforms, making the statement true.