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Foleo Accessories has 2 manufacturing processes required to produce the car cradles, undertaken by the Electronics and Casings departments. These departments are both currently run as profit centres, so they are responsible for both their revenues and costs. The Electronics department builds the circuitry and inner workings of the cradle, which consumes $10 in variable costs per unit. The finished goods of the Electronics department are then passed through to the Casings department, who incurs an additional $6 in variable costs per unit to mould the cradle, fit the electronics and package the finished product. Once completed, the Casings department typically sells the car cradle to its end-user customers and other retailers for $30 per cradle. The Electronics department can also sell their products to an outside customer for $18 per unit. This external sale incurs an additional variable cost of $1 per unit for packaging.Question 1Not yet savedMarked out of 1.00Flag questionTipsQuestion textAssume that there is spare capacity in the Electronics department. Use the general rule to calculate the transfer price for its product.Answer text Question 1Rich text editorTransfer Price = Outlay cost per unit + Opportunity cost per unit10+0 = $10 per unit.Question 2Not yet savedMarked out of 1.00Flag questionTipsQuestion textAssume that there is no spare capacity in the Electronics department. Use the general rule to calculate the transfer price for its product.Answer text Question 2Rich text editorCM per unit= $18 - $10 - $1 = $7Transfer pricing = $10+$7 = $17Question 3Not yet savedMarked out of 8.00Flag questionTipsQuestion textThe Casings department received a special order for 4,000 car cradles at the discounted price of $25 each. While the Casings department has sufficient capacity to increase their output to accommodate the special order, the Electronics department does not have sufficient capacity to supply the additional products to Casings for this special order. To fulfill the order, Electronics has to forgo their external sales.(a) Based on the facts provided, is this special order in the best interests of Foleo Accessories? Why? (2 marks)(b) Calculate the transfer price between Electronics and Casings if it is based on variable cost plus 30%. Is it likely that the internal transfer will take place to fulfill the special order? Prove your answer with incremental analysis per unit for both internal and external sales for the Electronics department. (HINT: Compare the contribution margin between internal and external sales) (4 marks)(c) Suggest a transfer price that is acceptable to both departments. (2 marks)

Question

Foleo Accessories has 2 manufacturing processes required to produce the car cradles, undertaken by the Electronics and Casings departments. These departments are both currently run as profit centres, so they are responsible for both their revenues and costs. The Electronics department builds the circuitry and inner workings of the cradle, which consumes 10invariablecostsperunit.ThefinishedgoodsoftheElectronicsdepartmentarethenpassedthroughtotheCasingsdepartment,whoincursanadditional10 in variable costs per unit. The finished goods of the Electronics department are then passed through to the Casings department, who incurs an additional 6 in variable costs per unit to mould the cradle, fit the electronics and package the finished product. Once completed, the Casings department typically sells the car cradle to its end-user customers and other retailers for 30percradle.TheElectronicsdepartmentcanalsoselltheirproductstoanoutsidecustomerfor30 per cradle. The Electronics department can also sell their products to an outside customer for 18 per unit. This external sale incurs an additional variable cost of 1perunitforpackaging.Question1NotyetsavedMarkedoutof1.00FlagquestionTipsQuestiontextAssumethatthereissparecapacityintheElectronicsdepartment.Usethegeneralruletocalculatethetransferpriceforitsproduct.AnswertextQuestion1RichtexteditorTransferPrice=Outlaycostperunit+Opportunitycostperunit10+0=1 per unit for packaging.Question 1Not yet savedMarked out of 1.00Flag questionTipsQuestion textAssume that there is spare capacity in the Electronics department. Use the general rule to calculate the transfer price for its product.Answer text Question 1Rich text editorTransfer Price = Outlay cost per unit + Opportunity cost per unit10+0 = 10 per unit.Question 2Not yet savedMarked out of 1.00Flag questionTipsQuestion textAssume that there is no spare capacity in the Electronics department. Use the general rule to calculate the transfer price for its product.Answer text Question 2Rich text editorCM per unit= 1818 - 10 - 1=1 = 7Transfer pricing = 10+10+7 = 17Question3NotyetsavedMarkedoutof8.00FlagquestionTipsQuestiontextTheCasingsdepartmentreceivedaspecialorderfor4,000carcradlesatthediscountedpriceof17Question 3Not yet savedMarked out of 8.00Flag questionTipsQuestion textThe Casings department received a special order for 4,000 car cradles at the discounted price of 25 each. While the Casings department has sufficient capacity to increase their output to accommodate the special order, the Electronics department does not have sufficient capacity to supply the additional products to Casings for this special order. To fulfill the order, Electronics has to forgo their external sales.(a) Based on the facts provided, is this special order in the best interests of Foleo Accessories? Why? (2 marks)(b) Calculate the transfer price between Electronics and Casings if it is based on variable cost plus 30%. Is it likely that the internal transfer will take place to fulfill the special order? Prove your answer with incremental analysis per unit for both internal and external sales for the Electronics department. (HINT: Compare the contribution margin between internal and external sales) (4 marks)(c) Suggest a transfer price that is acceptable to both departments. (2 marks)

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Solution

Question 1: The transfer price for the Electronics department's product, assuming there is spare capacity, is calculated using the general rule of Outlay cost per unit + Opportunity cost per unit. In this case, the outlay cost per unit is 10andthereisnoopportunitycostasthereissparecapacity.Therefore,thetransferpriceis10 and there is no opportunity cost as there is spare capacity. Therefore, the transfer price is 10 per unit.

Question 2: If there is no spare capacity in the Electronics department, the transfer price is calculated differently. The contribution margin per unit is calculated as the selling price to the external customer (18)minustheoutlaycostperunit(18) minus the outlay cost per unit (10) and the additional variable cost for packaging (1),whichequals1), which equals 7. The transfer price is then calculated as the outlay cost per unit (10)plusthecontributionmarginperunit(10) plus the contribution margin per unit (7), which equals $17.

Question 3: (a) Whether the special order is in the best interests of Foleo Accessories depends on a number of factors. If the Electronics department has to forgo their external sales to fulfill the order, this could potentially result in a loss of revenue. However, if the discounted price of $25 per cradle still covers the costs of production and provides a profit margin, it could be beneficial.

(b) The transfer price between Electronics and Casings, if it is based on variable cost plus 30%, would be 10+(10 + (10 * 0.30) = 13.Thecontributionmarginforinternalsaleswouldbe13. The contribution margin for internal sales would be 13 - 10=10 = 3, and for external sales it would be 1818 - 10 - 1=1 = 7. Therefore, it is more profitable for the Electronics department to sell externally, so it is unlikely that the internal transfer will take place to fulfill the special order.

(c) A transfer price that is acceptable to both departments would need to cover the costs of production for the Electronics department and still allow for a profit margin when the Casings department sells the finished product. This could potentially be achieved by setting the transfer price at a level that provides a contribution margin for the Electronics department that is equal to or greater than the contribution margin for external sales.

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