Which of the following is a risk factor for heart disease?Being overweightLow cholesterol levelsBeing underweightRegular exercise2In coronary heart disease:The arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrowThe heart beats too slowlyThe heart valves do not work properlyThe heart beats too quickly3Which of the following is a risk associated with fitting a stent?Requires general anaesthetic Blood lossRejectionThrombosis/blood clot4Statins may be prescribed to anyone at risk of cardiovascular disease. They work by:Suppressing the immune systemIncreasing the production of cholesterol by the liverBreaking down cholesterolReducing the production of cholesterol by the liver5Doctors can operate and replace faulty heart valves. What is a disadvantage of using a mechanical rather than a biological valve? More likely to be rejected Requires anti-coagulation medicationDoes not last as longRequires a close tissue match6In heart transplant operations, what is an advantage of using a natural donor heart rather than an artificial heart?Does not require life-long medicationGood availabilityLess likely to be rejected Longer lasting

Being overweight is a risk factor for heart disease. Low cholesterol levels, being underweight, and regular exercise are generally not considered risk factors.

In coronary heart disease, the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrow. The other options listed are not specific to coronary heart disease.

A risk associated with fitting a stent is thrombosis/blood clot. While general anesthesia may be used during the procedure, it is not a risk. Blood loss and rejection are also potential risks, but they are not as common as thrombosis.

Statins may be prescribed to anyone at risk of cardiovascular disease. They work by reducing the production of cholesterol by the liver. They do not suppress the immune system, increase the production of cholesterol, or break down cholesterol.

A disadvantage of using a mechanical rather than a biological valve is that it requires anti-coagulation medication. It is not more likely to be rejected, does not require a close tissue match, and generally lasts longer than a biological valve.

An advantage of using a natural donor heart rather than an artificial heart is that it is less likely to be rejected. It does require life-long medication, availability can be an issue, and it may not last as long as an artificial heart.