Human activities have caused the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere and the ocean to increase, resulting in global warming and changes to ocean chemistry. Why are ocean animals with shells particularly vulnerable to increasing CO₂ concentrations?It gets too hot under the shell compared to the surrounding environmentShells fall apart at higher temperaturesCO₂ makes the ocean more acidic, affecting an animal’s ability to build its shell

Select all that applySelect all of the effects of increased CO2 accumulation due to human activities.Multiple select question.Shells of mollusks and exoskeletons of corals dissolve.Harmful UV radiation from the sun reaches deeper ocean zones.Ocean water becomes more acidic.Ozone levels in the ocean increase and block light for photosynthesis.

1. (8 pts) Take a breath and exhale. Describe how the CO2 you exhaled gets into the ocean, is used by phytoplankton to make sugars, is used by phytoplankton to make shells, and can eventually wind up on the seafloor.2. (4 pts) Consider what you learned in the Ocean Acidification Lab: An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is causing an increase in what ion in the world’s oceans? How is this affecting shell building organisms such as phytoplankton?

The phenomenon being discussed that affects the shells of organisms is oceanacidification. Based on what you know about pH, do you think “acidification” refers to adecrease in pH or an increase in pH? Explain2. Why do you think that this drop in pH occurred after the Industrial Revolution?3. Explain how more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can cause the pH of the ocean todecrease.4. Based on what you know about chemical equilibrium, what would have to occur for theacidification of the oceans to be reversed? Explain your answer.Directions: Answer each “reflection” question when it appears at the bottom of a lessonpage.

The shells of many marine creatures are made from calcium carbonate.Explain why these shells will start to dissolve if the ocean becomes too acidic.

An increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can cause atmospheric temperatures to increase.  Which statement explains how this could affect the ocean as a carbon sink?ResponsesLess atmospheric carbon dioxide would be available to phytoplankton.Less atmospheric carbon dioxide would be available to phytoplankton.Dissolved carbon dioxide gas in the ocean would increase because surface winds would cause a deeper circulation pattern, making more room for the gas. Dissolved carbon dioxide gas in the ocean would increase because surface winds would cause a deeper circulation pattern, making more room for the gas. Less carbon dioxide gas would be contained in the ocean because increasing precipitation would dilute the carbon entering the ocean. Less carbon dioxide gas would be contained in the ocean because increasing precipitation would dilute the carbon entering the ocean. Less carbon dioxide would be dissolved in the ocean because increasing atmospheric temperatures would cause ocean temperatures to increase.