At the end of the citric acid cycle, all the energy initially present in glucose has been transferred toa. Carbon dioxideb. NADPH and FADH2c. NADH and FADH2d. ATPe. Pyruvate17. Which of the following would prevent the establishment of an electrochemical gradient during theelectron transport chain of cellular respiration?a. No production of NADH in prior stages of cellular respirationb. No production of ATP in prior stages of cellular respirationc. No production of glucose in prior stages of cellular respirationd. No production of water in prior stages of cellular respiratione. No production of FAD in prior stages of cellular respirationBiol 150 Online Summer 2024 Exam 2418. Which stage of cellular respiration generates the most ATP?a. Glycolysisb. Pyruvate breakdownc. Citric Acid Cycled. Oxidative phosphorylatione. They all generate the same amount of ATP19. The electron transport chain of oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes takes placea. Across the plasma membraneb. Across the outer mitochondrial membranec. Across the inner mitochondrial membraned. In the cytosole. In the mitochondrial matrix20. The terminal electron acceptor during cellular respiration isa. Waterb. Oxygenc. ADPd. NAD +e. NADP +21. Why is ATP used during glycolysis?a. To make glucoseb. To destabilize glucosec. To make glucose energetically stabled. To make pyruvatee. To make ADP22. The source of energy that directly drives the synthesis of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation isthea. oxidation of NADH.b. oxidation of glucose.c. oxidation of pyruvate.d. H+ electrochemical gradient.e. Reduction of O 2.23. Where in a plant cell do the light reactions take place?a. Cytosolb. Stromac. Cell walld. Lumene. Thylakoid membraneBiol 150 Online Summer 2024 Exam 2524. What molecule of the Calvin cycle is used at the beginning of the cycle and then regenerated at theend of the cycle?a. Glucoseb. Carbon dioxidec. RuBPd. Rubiscoe. ATP25. During photosynthesis, ____________ is reduced while ____________ is oxidized.a. Oxygen O 2; Carbon dioxide(CO 2)b. Glucose (C 6H12O 6); Oxygen (O 2)c. Carbon dioxide (CO 2); Water(H2O)d. Glucose (C 6H12O 6); Water(H2O)e. Water(H2O); Glucose (C 6H12O 6)26. The sugar molecules that you consume were produced by which of the following metabolicpathway?a. Glycolysisb. Calvin Cyclec. Citric Acid Cycled. Pyruvate oxidatione. Oxidative phosphorylation27. Photosynthetic pigments are located in thea. Cytosol/cytoplasm of a plant cellb. Stroma of a chloroplastc. Cell wall of a plant celld. Thylakoid lumene. Thylakoid membrane28. Cellular respiration is an ___________________ series of reactions and photosynthesis is an______________ series of reactions.a. Exothermic; exothermicb. Exothermic; endothermicc. Endothermic; exothermicd. Endothermic; endothermice. None of the above29. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are similar in thata. Both generate H+ gradientsb. Both use ATP synthase to make ATPc. Both make ATPd. All the abovee. None of the aboveBiol 150 Online Summer 2024 Exam 2630. Which of the following statements is true about photosynthetic eukaryotes?a. They make and breakdown sugars in the chloroplastb. They make and breakdown sugars in the mitochondria.c. They make sugars in the mitochondria and breakdown sugars in the chloroplast.d. They make sugars in the chloroplast and breakdown sugars in the mitochondria.31. The Calvin cycle takes place in the ____________ and uses the energy molecules generatedby____________.a. Matrix; cellular respirationb. Matrix; light reactionsc. Lumen; cellular respirationd. Lumen; light reactions32. What molecule acts as an electron donor during the light reactions?a. Carbon dioxideb. Oxygenc. ATPd. NADPHe. Water33. Photorespiration isa. The process by which light is used to make ATPb. The process by which light is used to make sugarsc. The process by which Rubisco fixes oxygend. The process by which Rubisco fixes carbon dioxidee. None of the above34.The majority of the G3P produced during the reduction and carbohydrate production phase of theCalvin cycle is used to makea. glucoseb. ATPc. RuBP so that the cycle can continued. rubiscoe. all the above35. The ____________ produced by photosynthesis is used by cellular respiration as the terminalelectron acceptor and makes ____________.a. Water; oxygenb. Oxygen; waterc. Oxygen; sugarsd. Sugar; oxygene. None of the above