Which type of leaf should have a higher surface area to volume ratio, meaning it is broad and thin?Group of answer choicesSun leavesShade leaves

The data and analyses presented in this study validate the use of the (SLA × LDMC)−1 product – or the water-saturated leaf fresh mass to leaf area ratio – as an estimate of leaf thickness in laminar leaves. This is an easy and rapid way to estimate leaf thickness from other, widely measured leaf traits, which are also easier to measure. This estimate therefore permits the computation of LT from existing bibliography and databases. LT could also be easily added to the list of ‘soft’ traits used in broad-scale interspecific comparisons aiming at defining plant ecological strategies, or as a screening tool in crop science.The apparent leaf density of 1 found in this study could be the consequence of compensation among values within studies or growth forms. Measurements of leaf density as well as information concerning the proportion of gaseous, liquid and solid phases in the leaf for a wide range of species and functional types are necessary if there is to be an understanding of how these compensations might occur (see Roderick and Cochrane, 2002).

Which of the following characteristics helps us distinguish true leaves from plant structures that are leaf-like but are not considered true leaves?Group of answer choicesThey contain a single vein of vascular tissueThey have multiple veins and branching vascular tissueThe presence of photosynthetic pigmentsTheir shape

According to Ficks’ law, which of the following would maximise gas exchange in plants?Large surface area, large concentration gradient, large diffusion distanceLarge surface area, large concentration gradient, small diffusion distanceSmall surface area, large concentration gradient, small diffusion distanceSmall surface area, small concentration gradient, large diffusion distance2Which of the following is not an adaptation of leaves for efficient gas exchange?Thin and flat structurePresence of stomata to allow gases to diffuse in and out of leafRegularly shaped spongy cells provide a small surface area of cell membrane in contact with air spacesGood vascular network of xylem3What is meant by the term ‘deciduous’ tree?Loses leaves seasonallyRetains leaves all year roundLeaves adapted for cold conditionsLeaves adapted for hot, dry conditions4Which of the following is not an adaptation of cacti to prevent water loss?Thick waxy cuticle on leaf surfaceLeaves reduced to spinesStomata only open at nightFlat, normal stomata

Different leaf shapes have different purposes. What is the purpose forbroad, flat green surfaces?a) Reduce water lossb) Trapping insectsc) To keep predators awayd) Collecting sunligh

In sunlit leaves of a plant, the thylakoid lumen has a comparatively high concentration of:Group of answer choiceselectronsProtonsRubiscochlorophyll