From the list below, choose the condition by which a spontaneous mutation may arise. Spontaneous mutations arise by exposure to mutagens. Spontaneous mutations arise by natural biological or chemical processes. Spontaneous mutations arise by treatment with a physical or chemical agent.

Genetic spontaneous mutations are produced by:Group of answer choicesunknown causes.x-rays.toxic chemicals.UV radiation.

Which of the following statements about mutations is TRUE?Select one alternative:Induced mutations occur naturally during DNA replication.Spontaneous mutations are always corrected by DNA repair enzymes.Mutagens increase the mutation rate above the spontaneous rate.Frame shift mutations mainly involve single base substitutions.

.Mutations must occur in gametes in order to be passed onto offspring.b.Most mutations do not result in a phenotype that increases the individual's fitness.c.Mutations occur very rarely in organisms.d.All mutations are harmful.e.Mutations decrease genetic variation in a population.

What are ‘mutations’? What are ‘mutagens’? What are the outcomes of mutations?

Mutation is an important evolutionary mechanism and occurs with a permanent change in a nucleotide sequence. Which statements about mutations are true? Select TWO correct answers.Select one or more:a.Mutations must occur in gametes in order to be passed onto offspring.b.Most mutations do not result in a phenotype that increases the individual's fitness.c.Mutations occur very rarely in organisms.d.All mutations are harmful.e.Mutations decrease genetic variation in a population.