4- The nuclear reaction during which a nucleus X (A, Z) disintegrates to give a nucleus X (A, Z-1) is: A. An isomeric reaction B. An isobaric reaction C. Is necessarily an 𝛃- emission D. Is necessarily an 𝛃+ emission E. Is an ɑ reaction
Question
4- The nuclear reaction during which a nucleus X (A, Z) disintegrates to give a nucleus X (A, Z-1) is: A. An isomeric reaction B. An isobaric reaction C. Is necessarily an 𝛃- emission D. Is necessarily an 𝛃+ emission E. Is an ɑ reaction
Solution
The answer is C. Is necessarily an 𝛃- emission.
Here's why:
In nuclear reactions, the number of protons in a nucleus determines the element's identity. In the given reaction, the nucleus X (A, Z) disintegrates to give a nucleus X (A, Z-1). This means that the number of protons (Z) decreases by one, changing the identity of the element.
This change can only occur through beta minus (𝛃-) decay, a type of radioactive decay in which a neutron in the nucleus is transformed into a proton and an electron (the beta particle), which is then emitted. This increases the atomic number by 1 (thus Z to Z-1), but leaves the atomic mass number (A) the same, as the overall number of protons and neutrons remains constant.
Therefore, the nuclear reaction described is necessarily an 𝛃- emission.
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