What was the Mississippian Indian culture in Georgia like before the arrival of Europeans?A They were nomadic and traveled in small groups, feeding themselves by hunting and gathering.B They lived in small villages of a few families and fed themselves by farming and raising livestock.C They were nomadic and traveled in large groups, feeding themselves by farming and raising livestock.D They lived in large organized towns and fed themselves by farming as well as hunting and gathering.

How did landscape, climate, and resources influence the development of Native American societies?Expansive trade networks tied together regions and carried valuable goods hundreds and even thousands of miles. Trade goods included food and raw materials, tools, ritual artifacts, and decorative goods. Trade enriched diets, enhanced economies, and allowed the powerful to set themselves apart with luxury items.In areas where Indians specialized in a particular economic activity, regional trade networks allowed them to share resources. Thus nomadic hunters of the southern plains, including the Navajos and Apaches, conducted annual trade fairs with Pueblo farmers, exchanging hides and meat for maize, pottery, and cotton blankets. Similar patterns of exchange occurred throughout the Great Plains, wherever hunters and farmers coexisted. In some parts of North America, a regional trade in war captives who were offered as slaves helped to sustain friendly relations among neighboring groups. One such network developed in the Upper Mississippi River basin, where Plains Indian captives were traded, or given as diplomatic gifts, to Ottawas and other Great Lakes and eastern woodlands peoples.Rare and valuable objects traveled longer distances. Great Lakes copper, Rocky Mountain mica, jasper from Pennsylvania, obsidian from New Mexico and Wyoming, and pipestone from the Midwest have all been found in archaeological sites hundreds of miles from their points of origin. Seashells — often shaped and polished into beads and other artifacts — were highly prized and widely distributed. Grizzly bear claws and eagle feathers were valuable, high-status objects. After European contact, Indian hunters often traveled long distances to trade for cloth, iron tools, and weapons. Historians debate the extent to which such long-distance connections helped to create deeper cultural ties. Powerful leaders controlled much of a community’s wealth and redistributed it to prove their generosity and strengthen their authority. In small, kin-based bands, the strongest hunters possessed the most food, and sharing it was essential. In chiefdoms, rulers filled the same role, often collecting the wealth of a community and then redistributing it to their followers. Powhatan, the powerful Chesapeake Bay chief, reportedly collected nine-tenths of the produce of the communities he oversaw — “skins, beads, copper, pearls, deer, turkeys, wild beasts, and corn” — and then gave much of it back to his subordinates. His generosity was considered a mark of good leadership. In the Pacific Northwest, the Chinook word potlatch refers to periodic festivals in which wealthy residents gave away belongings to friends, family, and followers

Where did the first Europeans to come to Georgia typically settle? Why?A They typically settled near rivers along which American Indians had established trading posts.B They typically settled in Georgia's mountainous region to isolate themselves from American Indians.C They typically settled near the swamps of southern Georgia due to the lack of rainfall in other regions.D They typically settled on the barrier islands due to the lack of resources in mainland Georgia.

What activity did some Native American peoples first start to engage in during the Archaic Era?

Which of the following is true of Indigenous groups in early Texas history?They were not affected by the expansion of Anglo American settlements in the eastern part of the continent.Their primary cultural traits were influenced by their agricultural and trade practices.They consisted of a range of subgroups and cultures, which makes it difficult to generalize their contributions to Texas politics.Their cultural influences are still largely prevalent through contemporary Texas.

Why did African Americans begin to leave the rural South in the early twentieth century, and what types of lives did they make for themselves in urban communities?