What is meant by extrinsic semiconductors? Also write names of its types.
Question
What is meant by extrinsic semiconductors? Also write names of its types.
Solution
Extrinsic semiconductors are a type of semiconductor that has been intentionally doped, that is, impurity atoms have been introduced into the semiconductor material to alter its properties. The impurities can either be donor or acceptor atoms, which provide extra conduction electrons or create holes where electrons can go, respectively. This doping process increases the number of charge carriers and hence the conductivity of the semiconductor.
There are two types of extrinsic semiconductors:
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N-type Semiconductors: These are formed by introducing donor impurities into the semiconductor (like phosphorus in silicon). The extra electrons provided by the donor impurities are the majority carriers, while holes are the minority carriers in N-type semiconductors.
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P-type Semiconductors: These are formed by introducing acceptor impurities into the semiconductor (like boron in silicon). The holes created by the acceptor impurities are the majority carriers, while electrons are the minority carriers in P-type semiconductors.
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