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The loop in the image is moving through the magnetic field, of strength 0.700 T, at a speed of 27.0 m/s. If the resistance in the loop is 1.10 Ω and the width of the wire is x = 9.00 cm, what is the magnitude and direction of the induced current?

Question

The loop in the image is moving through the magnetic field, of strength 0.700 T, at a speed of 27.0 m/s. If the resistance in the loop is 1.10 Ω and the width of the wire is x = 9.00 cm, what is the magnitude and direction of the induced current?

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Solution

To solve this problem, we need to use Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which states that the induced electromotive force (EMF) in a closed circuit is equal to the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit.

First, we need to calculate the change in magnetic flux. The magnetic flux (Φ) through a loop is given by the product of the magnetic field strength (B), the area of the loop (A), and the cosine of the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the loop (cosθ). In this case, the loop is moving perpendicular to the magnetic field, so θ = 0 and cosθ = 1.

The area of the loop is changing as it moves through the magnetic field. The change in area (ΔA) per unit time (Δt) is equal to the width of the wire (x) times the speed of the loop (v). So, ΔA/Δt = x*v.

Therefore, the change in magnetic flux (ΔΦ) per unit time (Δt) is BΔA/Δt = Bx*v.

Substituting the given values, we get ΔΦ/Δt = 0.700 T * 0.09 m * 27.0 m/s = 1.701 T*m^2/s.

According to Faraday's law, the induced EMF (ε) is equal to the negative rate of change of the magnetic flux, or ε = -ΔΦ/Δt. The negative sign indicates that the induced current will be in a direction to oppose the change in magnetic flux, according to Lenz's law. However, since we are only asked for the magnitude of the current, we can ignore the negative sign.

So, ε = 1.701 V.

The current (I) in the loop is given by Ohm's law, I = ε/R. Substituting the given resistance, we get I = 1.701 V / 1.10 Ω = 1.55 A.

Therefore, the magnitude of the induced current is 1.55 A.

The direction of the induced current will be such as to oppose the change in magnetic flux. Since the loop is moving into the magnetic field, the induced current will create its own magnetic field in the opposite direction to the original field. If we define the direction of the original field as "into the page", then the direction of the induced current will be clockwise when viewed from above.

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