Assuming consumption and leisure are both normal goods, hours worked will fall when the wage increases if Group of answer choicesif the income and substitution effect move in the same direction (i.e., if they are of the same sign).the substitution effect dominates the income effect.the wage increase is accompanied by an increase in prices.the income effect dominates the substitution effect.if the income and substitution effect move in the opposite direction (i.e., if they are of the opposite sign).
Question
Assuming consumption and leisure are both normal goods, hours worked will fall when the wage increases if Group of answer choicesif the income and substitution effect move in the same direction (i.e., if they are of the same sign).the substitution effect dominates the income effect.the wage increase is accompanied by an increase in prices.the income effect dominates the substitution effect.if the income and substitution effect move in the opposite direction (i.e., if they are of the opposite sign).
Solution
The hours worked will fall when the wage increases if the income effect dominates the substitution effect.
Here's a step-by-step explanation:
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The substitution effect: When wages increase, the price of leisure (which is the wage foregone by not working) increases. This makes leisure more expensive relative to consumption, so people substitute away from leisure and towards consumption, i.e., they work more hours.
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The income effect: When wages increase, people's income increases. If leisure is a normal good, people will demand more of it as their income increases, i.e., they work fewer hours.
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If the income effect is stronger than the substitution effect, the overall effect of a wage increase will be a decrease in hours worked. This is because the desire to enjoy more leisure time (income effect) outweighs the incentive to work more hours because of the higher wage (substitution effect).
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