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A mixture of Cu(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2.2.5H20 has a mass of 3.150 g. Upon heating the water is driven off and the mass of the Cu(NO3)2 is 2.853 g. Determine the % by weight of the Cu(NO3)2.2.5H20 in the original mixture.

Question

A mixture of Cu(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2.2.5H20 has a mass of 3.150 g. Upon heating the water is driven off and the mass of the Cu(NO3)2 is 2.853 g. Determine the % by weight of the Cu(NO3)2.2.5H20 in the original mixture.

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Solution

Para resolver este problema, sigamos los siguientes pasos:

  1. Determinar la masa de agua perdida al calentar: La masa inicial de la mezcla es 3.150 g y la masa después de calentar es 2.853 g. La diferencia es la masa de agua que se ha perdido. Masa de agua perdida=3.150g2.853g=0.297g \text{Masa de agua perdida} = 3.150 \, \text{g} - 2.853 \, \text{g} = 0.297 \, \text{g}

  2. Determinar la masa molar de Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O:

    • Cu(NO3)2: Masa molar=63.55(Cu)+2×(14.01(N)+3×16.00(O))=187.55g/mol \text{Masa molar} = 63.55 \, (\text{Cu}) + 2 \times (14.01 \, (\text{N}) + 3 \times 16.00 \, (\text{O})) = 187.55 \, \text{g/mol}
    • 2.5 H2O: Masa molar=2.5×(2×1.01(H)+16.00(O))=2.5×18.02g/mol=45.05g/mol \text{Masa molar} = 2.5 \times (2 \times 1.01 \, (\text{H}) + 16.00 \, (\text{O})) = 2.5 \times 18.02 \, \text{g/mol} = 45.05 \, \text{g/mol}
    • Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O: Masa molar total=187.55g/mol+45.05g/mol=232.60g/mol \text{Masa molar total} = 187.55 \, \text{g/mol} + 45.05 \, \text{g/mol} = 232.60 \, \text{g/mol}
  3. Determinar la fracción de masa de agua en Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O: Fraccioˊn de masa de agua=45.05g/mol232.60g/mol=0.1937 \text{Fracción de masa de agua} = \frac{45.05 \, \text{g/mol}}{232.60 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.1937

  4. Determinar la masa de Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O en la mezcla original: La masa de agua perdida (0.297 g) corresponde al 19.37% de la masa de Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O en la mezcla original. Masa de Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O=0.297g0.1937=1.534g \text{Masa de Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O} = \frac{0.297 \, \text{g}}{0.1937} = 1.534 \, \text{g}

  5. Determinar el porcentaje en peso de Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O en la mezcla original: Porcentaje en peso=(1.534g3.150g)×100%=48.70% \text{Porcentaje en peso} = \left( \frac{1.534 \, \text{g}}{3.150 \, \text{g}} \right) \times 100\% = 48.70\%

Por lo tanto, el porcentaje en peso de Cu(NO3)2.2.5H2O en la mezcla original es 48.70%.

This problem has been solved

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