he nurse reviews lab values for a client and notes a serum sodium level of 125 mEq/L (mmol/L) [135-145 mEq/L, mmol/L]. The nurse knows that this sodium level could be attributed to which conditions? Select all that apply.Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)Diabetes InsipidusAddison’s diseasePsychogenic polydipsiaSalt water drowning
Question
he nurse reviews lab values for a client and notes a serum sodium level of 125 mEq/L (mmol/L) [135-145 mEq/L, mmol/L]. The nurse knows that this sodium level could be attributed to which conditions? Select all that apply.Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)Diabetes InsipidusAddison’s diseasePsychogenic polydipsiaSalt water drowning
Solution
The serum sodium level of 125 mEq/L (mmol/L) is lower than the normal range (135-145 mEq/L, mmol/L), indicating hyponatremia. The conditions that could contribute to this low sodium level include:
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Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH): This condition causes the body to retain water, which dilutes the sodium in the body, leading to hyponatremia.
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Addison’s disease: This condition affects the adrenal glands' ability to produce hormones that help maintain the body's balance of sodium, potassium, and water. This can lead to low sodium levels.
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Psychogenic polydipsia: This is a condition characterized by excessive water intake, which can dilute the sodium in the body, leading to hyponatremia.
However, Diabetes Insipidus and Salt water drowning are not typically associated with low sodium levels. Diabetes Insipidus is characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely dilute urine, which may lead to dehydration and high sodium levels. Salt water drowning typically leads to hypernatremia (high sodium levels) due to the high salt content in seawater.
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