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A uniform rod of mass  M and length  ℓ is moving on a smooth horizontal plane, such that its one end is moving with a velocity  v0 and other end is moving with a velocity  2v0 in the same direction as shown. Then, the kinetic energy of the rod is

Question

A uniform rod of mass  M and length  ℓ is moving on a smooth horizontal plane, such that its one end is moving with a velocity  v0 and other end is moving with a velocity  2v0 in the same direction as shown. Then, the kinetic energy of the rod is

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Solution

The kinetic energy of an object is given by the formula KE = 1/2 * m * v^2, where m is the mass and v is the velocity.

In this case, the rod is moving with two different velocities at its ends. Therefore, we can consider the rod as two separate parts, each with half the total mass of the rod (M/2), moving with different velocities (v0 and 2v0).

The kinetic energy of the first half of the rod is KE1 = 1/2 * (M/2) * v0^2 = 1/4 * M * v0^2.

The kinetic energy of the second half of the rod is KE2 = 1/2 * (M/2) * (2v0)^2 = 1/2 * M * v0^2.

The total kinetic energy of the rod is the sum of KE1 and KE2, which is KE = KE1 + KE2 = 1/4 * M * v0^2 + 1/2 * M * v0^2 = 3/4 * M * v0^2.

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