Sketch, on paper, the Lewis structure of Cl2, remembering to:Step 1: Arrange the atomsStep 2: Count the number of valence electrons.Step 3: Allocate two electrons between each pair of atoms which are assumed to be covalently bound.Step 4: Use the remaining valence electrons to form lone pairs, and/or double and triple bonds.What is the total number of valence electrons in Cl2?How many electrons are shared between the chlorine atoms?How many lone pairs are there on each chlorine atom?
Question
Sketch, on paper, the Lewis structure of Cl2, remembering to:Step 1: Arrange the atomsStep 2: Count the number of valence electrons.Step 3: Allocate two electrons between each pair of atoms which are assumed to be covalently bound.Step 4: Use the remaining valence electrons to form lone pairs, and/or double and triple bonds.What is the total number of valence electrons in Cl2?How many electrons are shared between the chlorine atoms?How many lone pairs are there on each chlorine atom?
Solution
Step 1: Arrange the atoms Since there are only two chlorine atoms in Cl2, they will be arranged side by side.
Step 2: Count the number of valence electrons. Chlorine is in group 17 (also known as VIIA) of the periodic table, so it has 7 valence electrons. Since there are two chlorine atoms, the total number of valence electrons in Cl2 is 7*2 = 14.
Step 3: Allocate two electrons between each pair of atoms which are assumed to be covalently bound. Two of the 14 valence electrons will be shared between the two chlorine atoms to form a single covalent bond. This leaves 12 electrons.
Step 4: Use the remaining valence electrons to form lone pairs, and/or double and triple bonds. The remaining 12 electrons will be distributed as lone pairs around the two chlorine atoms. Each chlorine atom will have three lone pairs (6 electrons).
So, the total number of valence electrons in Cl2 is 14. Two electrons are shared between the chlorine atoms. Each chlorine atom has three lone pairs.
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